@article {92,
	title = {A Participatory Design and Formal Study Investigation into Mobile Text Entry for Older Adults},
	journal = {International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2016},
	month = {05/2016},
	pages = {20{\textendash}46},
	publisher = {IGI Global},
	abstract = {Text entry remains key to many tasks on touchscreen smartphones and is an important factor in the usability of such devices. The known problems of text entry can be particularly acute for older adults due to physical and cognitive issues associated with ageing. In a study of mobile text entry the authors employed a variety of participatory design and formal comparative study techniques in order to explore the requirements of this group of users and to discover the key differences in texting activity between them and younger users of mobile devices. They report on the findings of a lab study of texting behaviour of older adults. The authors{\textquoteright} findings indicate differences in attitudes to texting styles and tasks between older and younger adults. They also identify some differences in typing behaviour and reflect on methods.},
	keywords = {Older Adults, Participatory Design, Qualitative and Quantitative Studies, text entry},
	doi = {10.4018/ijmhci.2016040102.oa},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmhci.2016040102.oa},
	author = {Emma Nicol and Andreas Komninos and Mark D Dunlop}
}
@conference {81,
	title = {Investigating Mobile Text Entry for Older Adults},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Reimagining Mobile Interfaces for Older Adults, in conjunction with ACM MobileHCI{\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	address = {Toronto, Canada},
	abstract = {Text entry remains key to many tasks on touchscreen smartphones and is an important factor in the usability of such devices. The known problems of text entry can be particularly acute for older adults due to physical and cognitive issues associated with ageing. In a study of mobile text entry we employed a variety of participatory design techniques in order to develop novel keyboard layouts to address the requirements of this group of users. We report on the early findings and the methodological implications for further research in this area. Based on our results we argue that making the effort to involve older adults in the design process has benefits that could not otherwise be achieved. },
	keywords = {Older Adults, Participatory Design, text entry},
	url = {http://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/50758},
	author = {Emma Nicol and Andreas Komninos and Mark D Dunlop}
}
@article {62,
	title = {Reflections on design workshops with older adults for touchscreen mobile text entry},
	journal = {Interaction Design and Architecture(s) Journal - IxD\&A},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {70-85},
	abstract = {On touchscreen devices such as smartphones and tablets, text entry 
remains key to many tasks and is an important factor in the usability of such 
devices. The physical and cognitive issues associated with ageing can make the 
known problems of text entry particularly acute for older adults. Poor usability 
can present a significant problem for older adults where accessing services and 
social activities are concerned, both of which have implications for exclusion. In a 
study of mobile text entry where we aimed to develop novel keyboard layouts to 
address the particular requirements of this group of users we employed a variety 
of participatory design techniques. We report on our experiences from employing 
these methods and the methodological implications for further research in this 
area. },
	keywords = {Mobile Text Entry, Older Adults, Participatory Design},
	url = {http://www.mifav.uniroma2.it/inevent/events/idea2010/doc/21_5.pdf},
	author = {Andreas Komninos and Emma Nicol and Mark D Dunlop}
}
